Agrifoglio giapponese

Scientific name: Ilex crenata

 

Plant characteristics:

 

• It is a compact and branched evergreen shrub, which can reach a height of 2-3 meters, although dwarf varieties exist.

• The leaves are small (1-3 cm long), oval or elliptical, glossy dark green in color and with finely serrated or crenate edges (hence the name crenata). Some varieties can have variegated leaves.

• The flowers are small, white and inconspicuous, which bloom in spring.

• It produces small black, globose and shiny berries in autumn-winter. Warning: these berries are toxic to humans if ingested.

• It has a slow growth and is very versatile, it adapts well to different forms of pruning, which makes it popular for topiary art and as a hedge plant.

• Its growth habit can be erect or more expanded depending on the variety.

 

Plant Properties:

 

• In traditional Asian medicine, parts of Ilex (not specifically Ilex crenata) have been used for their diuretic, tonic, and febrifuge properties. However, it is important to note that there is no established scientific evidence for these specific properties in Ilex crenata, and due to the toxicity of the berries, internal use is not recommended.

• The leaves contain tannins and other compounds, but are not generally used medicinally.

• Today, Japanese holly is prized primarily for its ornamental value.

 

Plant Fun Facts:

 

• Despite the common name "Japanese holly," it is not closely related to European holly (Ilex aquifolium), although both belong to the Ilex genus and share some similarities in the appearance of their leaves and berries.

• Due to its tolerance to pruning and dense growth, it is an excellent choice for creating low hedges or well-defined borders, as well as for making intricate plant sculptures.

• There are many cultivars of Ilex crenata with different shapes, leaf sizes and habits, such as 'Convexa' with concave leaves, 'Helleri' with a low and compact habit, and 'Golden Gem' with yellow leaves.

• It is a relatively hardy plant that adapts to different soil conditions, as long as it is well drained, and prefers sunny to partially shaded positions.

• The black berries, although toxic to humans, can be a source of food for some birds during the winter.